Addiction Trauma And Resiliency - 2003 Words

After spending a full week at the MARTI conference I decided to write about addiction, trauma and resiliency. The conference centered on these topics among others but specific topics hit home to me. There was a wealth of information on these terms and there was a great deal of succulent discussion about the long term effects of addiction. Addiction does not happen independently it many people and loved ones are affected by a person’s addiction. Addiction is defined as compulsive need for and use of a habit-forming substance (as heroin, nicotine, or alcohol) characterized by tolerance and by well-defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal; broadly: persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful (Merriam-Webster). According to Merriam-Webster trauma is a very difficult or unpleasant experience that causes someone to have mental or emotional problems usually for a long time. In my professional and personal experience trauma can last a life time if unsolved. Many people suffer trauma and can deal with trauma be functional individuals in society, but others have trouble coping with their issues which can result in long term effects on a person. So why can one person cope but not another person. I want to discuss issue in my paper and refer to conference presentations and current literature. How can one person be resilient and not another? I find this very interesting that one person can cope and deal fully with their trauma and someone elseShow MoreRelatedPart 1: Describe Donna’S Story From A Problem Solving Perspective..995 Words   |  4 Pageslook out for the best interests of the child and support Donna to be the best parent possible. In my opinion, the most pressing issue would be Donna’s recent relapse of her alcohol addiction and the potential for a relapse in drug use. From a problem solving perspective, I would help Donna access rehabilitation or addictions counselling. Second, Donna spoke of, closer to the end of the film, how she felt more isolated from her family. Increasing Donna’s ability to rely on these supports would help herRead MoreThe Perks Of Being A Wallflower820 Words   |  4 Pagesand he ll need lots of help doing it. Charlie is the introverted main character and narrator in the movie. He tells his story through letters. Charlie struggles to fit in during high school, thus proves his everlasting addiction to drugs and alcohol, which foreshadows his addiction to â€Å"fit in†. The movie drops hints about Charlie’s social anxiety as well as mental problems. Next is Sam, the fun and flirty girl Charlie immediately has an eye for. Charlie holds her on such a high pedestal that he doesn’tRead MoreNew Zealand Case Study1091 Words   |  5 Pagesable to realise own potential, this encourages a healthy mental state. 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The agency has been in existence for over 40 years it was founded in 1970, NET is one of the largest behavioral health and socialRead MoreBurnout : Mental Health Professionals834 Words   |  4 Pagesthat work within substance abuse treatment counseling (Knight, Landrum, Becan, Flynn, 2012). Stress is often induced by the mental health professionals encounters within therapy sessions (Craig Sprang, 2010). Likewise, counselors working with trauma victims experience damaged emotional well- beings that can affect the functioning of the therapist (Ben- Porat Itzhaky, 2011). According to Lee, Cho, Kissinger, and Ogle (2010), professional counselors experience many issues that cause burnoutRead MoreWorking With A Years Old Male Who Comes From A Lower Socioeconomic Background Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesI am currently working with a 30-year-old male who comes from a lower socioeconomic background. He has a history of incarceration, abuse, and addiction to drugs. 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It is important that counselors empowerRead MoreOverview of Canadian Aboriginal Women Trauma Caused by Colonialism3088 Words   |  13 Pagesmain cause of trauma, intergenerational trauma, and marginalization of Canadian Aboriginal women who have lost their sense of health and wellness, which has led to countless disappearances and murders. Trauma can be defined as an â€Å"extreme, important event against a person’s body or self-concept† (Frideres, 2011, p. 80), and unless measures are taken to counteract the serious injury and harm caused by trauma it can result in the inability of a person to self-heal (Frideres, 2011). Trauma in AboriginalRead MorePersuasive Essay : Gifted Child1610 Words   |  7 Pagestake their unavoidable peal on the society. This information concerns every single being, and if circulated extensively enough, should lead to essential changes in humanity, above all to a standstill in the blind increase of fierceness. 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Sir Gawain And The Green Knight - 927 Words

Both Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and The Franklin’s Tale are set in a world where the laws of nature and order are turned upside down through the use of magic. In this Medieval world, death is escaped, men have the ability to shapeshift, and the impossible becomes entirely possible. What the Christian God set as earthly law, magic, created by the devil himself, subverts into illogical manifestations. Through their works, the authors of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and The Franklin’s Tale portray magic and the devil, whose ultimate scheme is to separate humankind from the Christian God by, as being inextricably intertwined. In both texts, magic is used to engage a faithful vassal and/or Christian in a supernatural demonstration in order to incite doubt or fear, thus subverting the power of their lord and/or the Christian God and tricking the faithful into abandoning faith and virtue. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, magic is not only used to wreak havoc in King Arthur’s court, but used as an attempt to corrupt the morality and faith of King Arthur’s and God’s most loyal subject, Sir Gawain. In the text, Sir Gawain is characterized as the paragon of virtue and faith. According to the Pearl Poet, â€Å"The fifth five I find the famous man practised Were - Liberality and Lovingkindness leading the rest; Then his Continence and Courtesy, which were never corrupted; And Piety, the surpassing virtue. These pure five Were more firmly fixed on that fine man Than on anyShow MoreRelatedSir Gawain And The Green Knight1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn the poem â€Å"Sir Gawain and The Green Knight,† a protagonist emerges depicting an Arthurian knight named Sir Gawain. Sir Gawain, King Arthur’s nephew, takes initiative by accepting the challenge requested by the Green Knight in place of his uncle. He undergoes a perilous adventure, seeking for the Green Knight to receive the final blow. Although Sir Gawain is not viewed as a hero for his military accomplishments, he is, however, viewed as a heroic figure by the Knights at the Round Table for hisRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight862 Words   |  4 PagesIn Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, by an unknown author referred to as the â€Å"Pearl Poet,† we are introduced to Sir Gawain. Gawain is a knight of the Round Table and he is also the nephew of King Arthur. As a knight, Gawain is expected to possess and abide by many chivalrous facets. Throughout the poem he portrays m any of the qualities a knight should possess, such as bravery, courtesy, and honor among others. Because of his ability to possess these virtues even when tempted to stray away from themRead MoreSir Gawain and the Green Knight1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe poem of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight compares a super natural creature to nature. 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Sir Gawain and theRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1514 Words   |  7 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight is an epic poem written in the mid to late fourteenth century by an unknown author. Throughout the tale, Sir Gawain, a Knight at the Round Table in Camelot, is presented with many hardships, the first being a challenge on Christmas by a man in which, â€Å"Everything about him was an elegant green† (161). This â€Å"Green Knight† challenged someone in Camelot to accept his game which they will chop off his head with his axe and the Green Knight will do the same to the playerRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1335 Words   |  6 Pages Sir Gawain: The Ironic Knight Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a tale of the utmost irony in which Sir Gawain, the most loyal and courteous of all of King Arthur’s knights, fails utterly to be loyal and courteous to his king, his host, his vows, and his God. In each case, Sir Gawain not only fails to perform well, but performs particularly poorly, especially in the case of his relationship with God. Ultimately, Sir Gawain chooses magic over faith, and by doing so, shows his ironic nature as aRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight906 Words   |  4 Pagesusually the latter. In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight we see Sir Bertilak go off to hunt three very specific animals as a game with Sir Gawain. They agree that â€Å"what ever [Bertilak catches] in the wood shall become [Sir Gawain’s], and what ever mishap comes [Sir Gawain’s] way will be given to [Bertilak] in exchange.† (Sir Gawain†¦, ln 1105-1007). In this deal we slowly see Gawain loose his honor as paralleled with Sir B ertilak’s hunt. The first animal that is hunted by the knight is a deer, while thisRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesFall 16 Donnelly Many years ago, knights were expected to form a certain type of relationship with their king, this relationship was otherwise known as fealty. Fealty is a knight’s sworn loyalty to their king (in other words a loyal relationship should be formed between the two). The use of this relationship is shown in the poem called â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† ( the author is unknown). This poem has a classic quest type of formula, with a knight receiving a challenge and then going outRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1455 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, for Gawain in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight temptation existed around every corner while he was playing the game of the Green Knight. Temptation existed every day and each day it existed in a new way. Gawain never knew what was coming his way throughout the grand scheme of the game, but one thing was for certain he was being tested. Without his reliance religious faith and dedication to his reputation, Gawain wo uld not have been able to make it through the game of the Green Knight alive andRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesBoth Sir Gawain, from â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† translated by Marie Borroff, and Beowulf, from Beowulf translated by Burton Raffel, serve as heroes in different times of Medieval English Literature. Many of the basic principles that describe heroes in Medieval Literature are seen in both of these characters even though they were written in different times. There are distinct similarities, differences, and also a progression of what the hero was in English literature, between Sir Gawain and

Impact of Deregulation and Low Cost Carriers on the Airline Industry Free Essays

Introduction The report will be assessing and evaluating how deregulation and the growth of low cost carriers have affected global competition and market trends in the types of products offered to customers in air travel. The report will identify the key roles of the low cost carriers and how they are affecting the global competition and the market trends by introducing their means and methods over the bigger airline industry. It will also be witnessed in the report how the airlines have come a long way from the past till now and how the industry is on a constant change due to needs and demands put up by the customers which currently is being handled by the low cost carriers in some ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Deregulation and Low Cost Carriers on the Airline Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now While air travel was once a luxury only the rich could afford, the entry of more airlines serving the busiest and most profitable routes has caused airfares to plummet. Some of the airlines that will be looked at are Buzz, Go, Ryan Air, and Easy Jet. These are well known low cost airlines. This report will look sequentially at the marketing environments of the airline industry and will analyze the main forces shaping its future. It will concentrate on the impact of low-cost airlines on this industry. Main The airlines are relatively new as a market driven industry. In 1938, the airlines faced steep competition that was vigorous and unstable. The industry asked the government for a regulatory body to control competition. The newly formed CAB froze the industry structure and blocking out new firms, which ended up creating monopolies. The industry continued in this state despite growth in traffic, increased profits, and changing conditions. The turning point for the airline industry began in the late 1970’s when the industry needed to break free from its regulated environment. New technology and ample profits made competition a viable option. The result was the passing of the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978. One of the large effects of deregulation was the increase in the number of carriers and increased competition. In 1978, there were 43 carriers certified for scheduled service with large aircraft. By 1983, there were over 60 new carriers since the act was passed. With the slew of new airlines, the airline industry was able to reach new markets and grow tremendously. United with the price drops, air travel became a more favorable way to travel. Today there are no close substitutes for travel over 150 miles. However the trend of an invasion of airlines eventually turned into many mergers, acquisitions, and bankruptcies in the late-1980s to early-1990s (see Figure 1) Still seen today, another effect of deregulation is the development of the â€Å"hub-and-spoke† network. The major airlines developed this network to efficiently manage and serve more markets with the same fleet of planes. Another advantage of the â€Å"hub-and-spoke† network is that airlines will carry the traveler from departure city to arrival city and not have to hand over customers to competing carriers. Travelers enjoyed traveling with one airline though an extra stop was required. A marketing innovation that airlines initiated after deregulation was the frequent flyer program. Repeat customers earned points toward free tickets or upgrades. This program generated loyalty beyond service and satisfaction with travelers. Recently, the frequent flyer program extends beyond receiving points for flying. The most popular is the use of credit cards (points per pounds/dollars) and using points to purchase things other than airline tickets. A technological advance in the industry came with the introduction of computer-reservation systems (CRS). This allowed airlines to keep track of fare and service changes. The systems allow agents to process millions of reservations a day. Today these transactions have significantly increased and with the introduction of the Internet redefined how travelers shop, purchase, and receive tickets. According to Geneva News article low-cost carriers found not just tourism to help it establish it self in travel. They found out that what could begin as a tourist route may be quickly adopted by businesspeople. This meaning that the low cost airlines also are used by business. So the companies also get some business even during the off-seasons. These airlines help offer a cheap way to be able to get to the business places, historical area, and Interesting cities. We see in Belobaba (2003) report that Easy Jet, Europe’s leading low-cost airline. Now what helped it become such a big name in low cost air travel in EuropeGoing to Easy Jets website, they attempt to explain how they work. It can be seen that they broke it down into three things to make them a low cost airlines; The first thing is it is a ticket less airline, this cuts cost of paper and printing. The next thing they do is efficient use of airports; this means Easy Jet can make the most of its time. Easy Jet also mad e a few deals with airports cutting landing fees. The last thing Easy Jet has done to make its airline so low cost is there’s no such thing as a free lunch. This helps as it cut costs of food, and may help the airlines earn money on the food they sell. In Belobaba (2003) report we see the U.S. situation with airlines. The report starts off talking about the 11/09/01 incident. Were after the attacks on the twin tower, the whole thing had negatively affected the volume of business travel and 12.5% lower than in the preceding year. The report goes on talking about the growth of low cost airlines. Reduced willingness on the part of business travelers and tourist to pay the higher airfares charged by network carriers. Also some interesting points in the report are. â€Å"In the US, low-fare airlines have exhibited slow but steady growth since deregulation, but low-fare carriers as a group accounted for less than 7% of US domestic air passengers in 1991, compared to 81% by Major network carriers [The remaining 12% was carried by smaller regional and local carriers]. Low-fare carriers grew more rapidly in the US through the 1990s, to the point that the carried 20% of all US domestic passengers as a group in 2002.† To look at a more world aspect of tourism we see in Christianto (2003) article that in 2000, there were 7.58 million passengers, but the number increased to 8.27 million in 2001 and to 8.96 million in 2002. Also according to the article the figures are expected to reach 10.34 million in the coming years. It goes on talking about the price war. A war between the more high class big Airlines, and many of the airlines that offer cheaper tickets. In this war they are trying to set a floor price were airlines may not go under this price. This is due to the high numbers of passengers going to low cost airlines to travel. We are starting to see that with these low cost airlines the bigger airlines are having problems holding on to their customers. Now there are airline companies that are forced to lower their price to compete with these low cost airlines. We see British airways as one of those companies. British airways have recently launched a series of cheap flights. In the future there is a big possibility that all these big airlines will have to lower their prices considerably. As theses low cost airlines seem to be taking all the possible clients away from these big airlines. There is also too say that these big airlines are holding on to their passengers for long distance travels. As these airlines are more comfortable and more advanced the travelers like them more. As if you have to spend a long time in an airplane you would choose the best situation. There are only a few low cost airlines that are set up. The number of airlines in general isn’t too high. We see in the U.S. for low cost airlines you have only two or three. As it’s about the same for Europe as we see airlines like Easy Jet, Ryan Air, Go, Buzz and only a few others. As for other areas it was hard to find information on cheap airlines. Europe seems to big the biggest point of low cost airlines. In Christianto (2003) report its shown that travel between Europe has been seeing some serious growth. This alone shows that with low cost airline, there comes more tourism. There is also to say that in Europe it is convenient for people to move around for business and travel. The first successful low-cost carrier is generally acknowledged to be Southwest Airlines in the United States, which pioneered the concept when founded in 1971 and has been profitable every year since 1973. With the advent of aviation deregulation the model spread to Europe as well, the most notable successes being Ireland’s Ryan air, which began low-fares operations in 1991, and easy Jet, formed in 1995. As of 2004, low cost carriers are now edging into Asia, led by operators such as Malaysia‘s Air Asia. Many carriers have opted to launch their own no-grills airlines, such as KLM’s Buzz and British Airways Go, but have found it difficult to avoid cannibalizing their core business. The European airline industry is being shaken up by the presence of low-cost airlines. It is estimated that existing low-cost airlines has expanded their European market share from 5% in 2000 to 25% by 2010, as illustrated in figure 7, establishing themselves on a long-term basis which will have major effects on the European airline industry as a whole The low cost carrier’s airline industry is having a huge impact on the global airline industry. The table below highlights how the market is migrating to a new business model: customer behavior is changing Customers expect internet to provide lowest possible price offer Price becomes decisive factor:– Destination is not! – low cost carrier’s develop routes according to costs low cost Carriers have generated growth of aviation in this segment – People fly who would not have otherwise flown Market structure is changing Erosion of traditional â€Å"national† markets: Segmentation of market into:– low cost on local markets – Regional niche markets – International/alliance markets Greater flexibility and simplicity of traditional model Established airlines are questioning their models. Some have moved into the no-frills segment. Flexible adaptation of traditional pricing models Many full-service carriers offer simple and low prices. Marketing focus on the actual product offered Some carriers are marketing frills aggressively. The SWOT analysis is used to analyse the internal and external view of the low-cost airline industry with a view to analyse the situation of the no-frills model upon today’s world wide global industry. STRENGTHSSimple fare structureRelative low unit costs Multi-base network offering point-to-point service Strong corporate culture i.e. Easy Jet High commitment to safety and customer services Efficient use of airports with rapid turnaround times Highly profitable with rising demand WEAKNESSESCustomer expectations of service are increasingHigh aircraft utilisation means more vulnerable to delays Prices are low, but they are not as low as they could be. Weak brand loyalty between low-cost airlines and passengers Growth in size means complexity Seasonal variations and cyclical demand Affected by economic downturns OPPORTUNITIESEurope is a land of opportunity for low-cost airlinesSignificant growth of internet bookings expected – 17% annual compound growth rate of Internet user population Increase in Britons buying second homes abroad Outsourcing of IT functions such as call centres in India Airport expansion THREATSFlag carriers imitate low-cost business model offering ‘cheaper flights to people booking well in advance’BA, as well as other airlines has redesigned its website to make online booking easier New EU legislation travel compensation laws Air passenger duty to rise ?5-?15 on economy tickets Some customers prefer to book through a travel agent The development of rail network within the EU Video conferencing may take an increasing share of the business clientele Threat of terrorism e.g. bombings in Madrid Lack of take-off and landing slots Conclusion Since deregulation arrived, budget carriers such as Easy Jet and Ryan air have grown to account for around a fifth of European air travel, thriving after the events of September 11th; their market share has grown rapidly. Observers of the European airline industry have long believed that the flag-carrier system has created too many airlines and led to inefficient excess capacity. The suggested remedy is consolidation of the European industry via cross-border mergers, an avenue that is now open as a result of EU deregulation. The first major consolidation event is currently with the proposed Air France-KLM merger recently approved by EU regulators. It is likely too that the low-cost sector will experience consolidation leaving Easy Jet and Ryan air as the two main players. While the big airlines consolidate, trying to win more premium business traffic, the cheap fares airlines will fight ruthlessly for leisure traffic. British Airways has already withdrawn from European routes where it makes a loss. In the longer term, airlines are looking to join forces in the context of the prospects of the liberalization of air traffic between the United Statesand Europe, which is expected to lead to fierce competition on both sides of the Atlantic. Two things matter to airlines – the amount of empty seats on their planes and the cost of getting those planes into the air. Reducing those two factors leads to profits, and in recent years, the European industry has been struggling. The fear of terrorism and disruption in the world’s aviation system has simply made things much worse. And looking to the future of European aviation, it seems that the issues associated with the environment will be addressed severely, possibly leading to taxation on the one thing supporting airline growth; Kerosene. Furthermore, the matter of over-capacity, which has lead to a lack of taking-off and landing slots, could hinder further growth and drive up prices for the low-cost airlines. While the full-service carriers are struggling to get back to the traffic levels they enjoyed in 2000, the budget airlines are growing by more than 10 per cent a year. The expansion of the EU provided vast opportunities for the low-cost sector but for the budget airline industry to thrive; low-cost really does have to mean low-cost. References and Bibliography Lectures notes – week 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Graham, A. (2009) 3RD edition Managing airports: an international perspective Definitions of deregulation from http://www.free-definition.com/Deregulation.html Wensveen, J. and Leick, R. (2009) the long-haul low-cost carrier: A unique business model, Journal of Air Transport Management Volume 15, Issue 3, Hanlon, J.P. (2007) 3RD edition Global Airline: competition in transnational industry Morrison, S. and Winston, C (1986). The Economic Effects of Airline Deregulation Belobaba, P. (2003) The Airline Industry and Current Challenges. British Airways. (2003). Can be obtained at; http://www.britishairways.co.uk Burghouwt, G. and Huys, M. (2003). Deregulation and the Consequences for Airport Planning ORL website: http://www.orl.arch.ethz.ch/dis.PDF Christianto, I. (2003). Airlines earn their wings in increasingly crowded skies Easy-jet. Company website. Accessed May 10, 2004 from http://www.easyjet.com Easy-Jet. (2003). How We Offer Such Low Fares. Can be obtained at; http://www.easyjet.com/EN/about/aboutourfares.html Ryan air.. Progress Report. Can be obtained at; http://www.ryanair.co.uk http://www.guardian.co.uk http://www.timesonline.co.uk Two UK low-cost air lines open up new direct links between North-East England and Geneva. – Geneva News How to cite Impact of Deregulation and Low Cost Carriers on the Airline Industry, Essay examples